Impact of Awareness Campaign on the Knowledge of Risk Factors of HIV & AIDS among Students of University of Gujrat, Pakistan

Background: Individuals of age 15-25 years are at highest risk of HIV/AIDS due to presence of high risk behavior. Public health professionals are of the view that educational intervention are more successful in improving knowledge attitudes and preventive practices among the young rather than abstinence only intervention. The aim of this study was to access the knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS of students of University of Gujrat, Gujrat and to find the effect of imparting education on these parameters. Methodology: pre-post quasi experimental study design conducted at University of Gujrat, Pakistan in the year 2015-2016. A sample size of 370 students was taken. A pre-structured self-administered questionnaire was used as a study tool, privacy and anonymity of the respondents were maintained. A comprehensive lecture and educational session was carried out that delivered information regarding HIV/AIDS disease nature, modes of transmission, myths associated with HIV/AIDS, and other disease facts. After an interval of three weeks the same questionnaire again got filled from the same students. The pre-intervention knowledge was compared to the post educational intervention one. Obtained data were evaluated by using SPSS version 20. Results were considered significant at p value of less than 0.05. Results: The student of UOG had fairly moderate knowledge of HIV/AIDS that was significantly modified (p≤0.01) after educational conditioning. And there was clear presence of will to disseminate HIV information, so that not only themselves but also their family member can be protected from this deadly infection. Conclusion: Educational intervention statistically significantly conditioned students knowledge of HIV/AIDS

Investigation of Critical Factors for Successful ERP Implementation: An Exploratory Study

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has become vital for any organization to get a competitive advantage in today’s world. Financial organizations are improving their performance by replacing old legacy systems with the latest integrated ERP software packages. This study purposed to identify the vital determinants of ERP successful implementation in the banking sector. The data has been collected from the thirteen largest well-known commercial banks in Pakistan. This study is qualitative in nature and data has been collected interviews from respondents. After analyzing through thematic analysis, this study found the new theoretical model for future empirical investigation. Researchers and Practitioners can use these valuable insights for successful implementation of ERP in the financial sector

Effect of Atriplex Halimus with Mineral and Organic Fertilization on the Proportion of Proteins and Soluble Sugars of Potato Tuber in the Salt Stress

Abstract Context: In agricultural areas that suffer from an increase in salinity in the soil or irrigation water, the farmer complains of a lack of yield despite the use of improvement techniques such as fertilization. Therefore, we suggest using a biological method to reduce these forms in the cultivation of halophytic plants. Objective: This work aims to study the effect of Atriplex halimus on proteins and soluble sugars in potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) under salt stress. Methods: After water and soil analysis, we planted the A. halimus In each hole three to four plants of the age of two months in rows between the potatoes, after harvesting the tubers, we dried them, Four samples were taken from all untreated potato tubers Atriplex halimus ( a witness Organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers (urea and phosphorus)) and treatment with Atriplex halimus ( a witness Organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers (urea and phosphorus)), then measured the percentage of soluble sugars, based on the phenol method to read the spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 490 nm, also for proteins, first we prepared the reagents and then we measured the absorbance at 750 nm using a spectrophotometer. Resultants and conclusions: The results recorded showing a decrease in soluble sugars in the phosphorus and A. halimus interaction, compared to the other interactions: With regard to proteins, an increase was recorded in the interactions A. halimus urea, A. halimus phosphorus fertilizer, and A. halimus organic fertilizer compared to the other interactions, and this is due to the effect of the culture of A. halimus on the stres saline. Significance: The Atriplex halimus has a major role in reducing the salinity rate in the soil. Experience has proven that the cultured of Halophyte plante with potatoes and the addition of fertilizers, especially phosphorous and urée fertiliser, lead to improving the production observed from the lack of salt stress represented by the increase in proteins and the decrease in sugars in the potato tuber

Public Policy Barricading the Foreign Arbitral Award: A Comparative Analysis between UK, USA & France

The concept of public policy in International Arbitration is still extremely contentious, controversial, and complicated in modern times. Although legislation related to arbitration and practise have attempted to harmonise public policy so that parties may benefit from a globally recognised idea, judicial courts have made this effort almost difficult by giving a very loose & broad definition in the name of public policy. Moreover, the New York Convention gives little direction to national courts on how to interpret the public policy claim. In the name of local contract laws and fundamental principles of a nation, judge keeps hampering the enforcement of foreign award. Internal Law Association attempted to resolve this contention but couldn't come up with a definite definition which limits the policy in a closed structure. Despite the ambiguity of the issue, national courts in most developed arbitral countries interpret public policy narrowly. Because industrialised countries' courts typically see arbitral awards as a separate aspect of public policy; they are pro-enforcement. In this article we will comprehensively elaborate this attitude, legislation and case law study of developed nations like USA, UK and France

The Assessment of Pattern of Injuries Due to Road Traffic Accidents

The increase of the traffic on the roads of Pakistan has drastically increased the rate of accidents. Such accidents have effect on the life of several families as they have lost their family members loved one and faced the long-life disability. Therefore, the current study examines the pattern of injuries due to RTA among the patients of public hospitals so that the root causes and injury types and mortality rate can be assessed. The descriptive and cross-sectional study design have been utilized in this study. The self-administered questionnaire was adopted, and data was collected from 120 patients affected from RTA. The results reveal that the accident rate is high among the males and injury level is moderate. The poor road condition, lack of awareness and poor implementation of traffic rules are the major causes of road traffic accidents. The study also presents the limitations and recommendation at the end

Land Utilization, Development Expenditure, Agricultural Productivity and Economic Growth: Evidence from Pakistan

The main purpose of this study was investigates and explores the association between land utilization, development expenditure, agricultural production and economic growth in Pakistan based on the time series data over the year of 1983 to 2014. Data were analyzed applying the Phillips-Perron (P-P) unit root test, and results were interpreted implying the cointegration test. OLS was adopted to assess the effect of land utilization, development expenditure and agricultural productivity on economic growth of Pakistan. The estimated results of cointegration test show that there presence a long-run association among development expenditure for agricultural sector, land utilization, agricultural productivity and economic growth in Pakistan. The results of OLS regression analysis show that development expenditure and agricultural productivity have a significant impact on economic growth of Pakistan while land utilization (total land used for crops) has a positive relation with economic growth but found statistically insignificant. This study suggested that the government should increase expenditure development for growth and development of agricultural sector that will enhance the economic growth of Pakistan

Commitment towards Democratic Values: Elementary Schools’ Students’ Perspective

Democratic values are standards of individual to live democratically in societies and are personal to every human being. Individuals committed towards democratic values recognize their rights by accepting civic responsibilities. Commitments towards democratic values ensure the stability of democracy and build a strong existence of democratic state. Present study was planned to determine elementary schools’ students’ commitment towards democratic values in Lahore District of Punjab Province. Research was descriptive in nature leads to quantitative paradigm through conducting survey. Sample of the study consisted of randomly selected 800 enrolled students in 6th, 7th and 8th classes of public sector elementary schools; 350 male and 450 female students. Researchers adopted Democratic Values Scale, DVS based on 5-point Likert type responses and categorized in six sub-scales having 24 statements. Researchers calculated Cronbach’s Alpha statistics; .890 to ensure overall reliability of the instrument. Findings of descriptive and inferential statistics showed significant difference among students’ gender, locality and their age groups; male students from urban localities were more committed towards democratic values while female students from rural areas were less democratic. Findings further stated that significant difference was present between sixth, seventh and eight grades’ students’ commitment towards democratic values. It is recommended that curriculum experts need to inculcate deficit democratic values in Elementary schools’ curriculum focusing appropriate democratic practices that will develop students’ democratic attitudes

Hardy-Copson Type Inequalities on Time Scales for the Functions of “n” Independent Variables

The paper consists of some extensions in Hardy and Copson type inequalities on time scales. The main results are proved by using induction principle, Rules to find derivatives for composition of two functions, H¨older’s inequality and Fubini’s theorem in time scales settings. The related results and examples are also investigated in seek of applications

Rumor Detection in Business Reviews Using Supervised Machine Learning

© 2018 IEEE. Currently, a high volume of business data is generating with a high velocity in different forms like unstructured, structured or semi-structured. Due to social media arrival, there is a deluge of business rumors and their manual screening is time-consuming and difficult. In the current social computing era, it is necessary to move towards an automated process for the detection of business rumors. This work aims at developing an automated system for detecting business rumors from online business reviews using supervised machine learning classifiers, namely Logistic Regression, Support Vector Classifier (SVC), Naïve Bayesian (NB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) to classify the business reviews into rumor and nonrumor. Experimental results show that Naïve Bayesian (NB), achieved efficient results with respect to other classifiers with an accuracy of 72.43 %